Becoming a Canadian citizen is an exciting milestone, but the process requires meeting eligibility criteria, submitting an application, and waiting for approval. Below is a detailed guide on the processing time and step-by-step application process.
Processing Time for Canadian Citizenship
The current processing time for Canadian citizenship applications is approximately 14 to 24 months. This includes:
- Application review – Checking if all documents are complete (2-6 months)
- Citizenship test and interview (if required) – Scheduled after the application is processed (3-6 months)
- Decision on application – Approval or request for additional documents (2-6 months)
- Citizenship ceremony – Final step where you take the Oath of Citizenship (1-4 months)
Note: Processing times vary based on application volume, document verification, and country of origin.
Steps to Apply for Canadian Citizenship
Step 1: Check Your Eligibility
To qualify for Canadian citizenship, you must meet the following requirements:
✅ Permanent Resident (PR) Status – You must hold a valid PR card with no ongoing immigration issues.
✅ Physical Presence in Canada – Must have lived in Canada for at least 1,095 days (3 years) in the last 5 years.
✅ Tax Filing – Must have filed income taxes for at least 3 years in the last 5 years, if required.
✅ Language Proficiency (if applicable) – Applicants aged 18-54 must prove proficiency in English or French (e.g., IELTS, CELPIP, TEF, TCF).
✅ Pass the Citizenship Test (if applicable) – Applicants aged 18-54 must take a test on Canadian history, government, and rights & responsibilities.
Step 2: Gather Required Documents
Before applying, collect the following:
- Proof of Permanent Residency (PR card or Confirmation of Permanent Residence)
- Travel History (passport stamps, entry/exit records)
- Tax Records (Notice of Assessment from CRA for 3 years)
- Language Test Results (if required)
- Government-Issued ID (driver’s license, health card)
- Two Passport-Size Photos
Tip: Use the Physical Presence Calculator on the IRCC website to confirm you meet residency requirements.
Step 3: Complete the Citizenship Application Form
- Fill out Form CIT 0002 (Adult) or CIT 0003 (Minor), available on the IRCC website.
- Ensure all sections are complete and accurate.
- Sign and date the form.
Tip: Double-check all information to avoid delays or rejection.
Step 4: Pay the Application Fee
The fees for Canadian citizenship applications are:
- Adult (18 and older): CAD 630
- Minor (under 18): CAD 100
Payment Methods:
- Online via credit or debit card
- Bank transfer (if outside Canada)
Step 5: Submit Your Application
You can submit your application:
- Online (recommended) – Faster processing
- By Mail – Send to the IRCC office in Sydney, Nova Scotia
Tip: Keep a copy of your application and tracking number for reference.
Step 6: Take the Citizenship Test (if applicable)
- Applicants 18-54 years old must take the Canadian citizenship test (20 multiple-choice questions).
- The test is online or in-person and covers:
- Canadian history
- Government structure
- Rights and responsibilities
Tip: Study the official “Discover Canada” guide and take practice tests online.
Step 7: Attend the Citizenship Interview (if required)
- If additional verification is needed, you may be called for an interview with an IRCC officer.
- You may need to provide more documents or clarify travel history.
Step 8: Receive the Citizenship Decision
If approved, you will receive an invitation to take the Oath of Citizenship. If denied, you will be given a reason and may be able to appeal.
Step 9: Attend the Citizenship Ceremony
- The final step is taking the Oath of Citizenship, which is mandatory for applicants aged 14 and above.
- You will receive your Citizenship Certificate after the ceremony.
Congratulations! You are now a Canadian citizen!
What’s Next?
After becoming a citizen, you can:
- Apply for a Canadian passport
- Vote in elections
- Travel freely without PR renewal