Filing taxes as a permanent resident (PR) in Canada is an important responsibility. Even if you arrived partway through the year, you may still need to file a tax return. Here’s a step-by-step guide to help you file your taxes correctly.
1. Determine If You Need to File a Tax Return
As a permanent resident, you must file a tax return if you earned income in Canada (employment, self-employment, rental income, etc.), want to claim benefits and credits (e.g., GST/HST credit, Canada Child Benefit), or want to report foreign income or apply for deductions. Even if you didn’t earn income, filing a tax return helps you remain eligible for government benefits.
2. Gather Required Documents
Before filing, collect important documents such as T4 Slip (if you were employed) to show employment income and taxes deducted, T5 Slip (if you earned interest or dividends from a bank or investment), T4A Slip (if you received pensions, scholarships, or benefits), Notice of Assessment (NOA) (if you filed last year), Receipts for Deductions & Credits (including childcare, tuition, medical expenses, or RRSP contributions), and Foreign Income Details, if applicable.
3. Choose a Filing Method
You can file your taxes in several ways.
A. Online Using Certified Tax Software (Fastest & Easiest)
The Canada Revenue Agency (CRA) supports various NETFILE-certified software programs, including TurboTax, Wealthsimple Tax, H&R Block Online, and UFile.
B. By Mail
Download and complete the Income Tax and Benefit Return form from the CRA website and mail it to the appropriate tax center (processing takes longer).
C. With a Tax Professional
Hire an accountant or visit a tax preparation service like H&R Block or Liberty Tax. If you have complex finances (self-employment, rental properties, foreign income), a professional can help.
D. Through a Free Tax Clinic
Newcomers with low income can get free tax help from community organizations through CRA’s Volunteer Income Tax Program (CVITP).
4. Understand Important Tax Deadlines
The Tax Filing Deadline is April 30 (or the next business day if it falls on a weekend). The Self-Employed Deadline is June 15 (but taxes owed must be paid by April 30). Foreign Income Reporting must be declared to avoid penalties.
5. Claim Available Tax Credits & Deductions
Newcomers may qualify for various tax benefits.
✅ GST/HST Credit – A tax-free quarterly payment for low-income individuals
✅ Canada Child Benefit (CCB) – Monthly payments for parents with children under 18
✅ RRSP Deductions – Contributions to a Registered Retirement Savings Plan reduce taxable income
✅ Tuition Tax Credit – If you studied in Canada, tuition fees can be claimed
✅ Moving Expenses – If you moved for work or school, you may claim expenses
✅ Medical Expenses – Prescription drugs, dental care, and other eligible expenses can be deducted
6. Pay Any Taxes Owed or Expect a Refund
If you owe taxes, you can pay online via your bank, CRA My Account, or by mail. If you are owed a refund, you can receive it via direct deposit or cheque.
7. Set Up a CRA My Account for Easy Access
Register for CRA My Account to track your tax return, benefits, and NOA. Use MyCRA app to check tax balances, file returns, and update information.
Filing taxes as a permanent resident ensures you stay compliant and receive any benefits you’re entitled to. Would you like a guide on how to maximize tax refunds?